yellow-brown, with a light creamy strip running from the eyes towards the back of the head, but quail can also come in other colours like white, white-black, speckled red-brown or cream-brown. An adult quail will reach around 20cm (7 ¾ Inch) in height and around 150g (5 ounces) in weight. Their domestication has began as early as in the fourteen century. At first quails became popular as game birds but at later stage the commercial keeping of quail has kicked off because of their tasty eggs and meat. The biggest commercial revolution of the quail began after 1910 when they were divided into two groups; for egg production and for the table. Nowadays the quail is not the most popular little bird among bird keepers even though it would deserve a lot more attention. Quail can be kept in cages or small aviary enclosures covered with tightly woven mesh. On a small scale you can keep 10 to 15 quails in 1 square meter floor area. This amount of quail will provide enough eggs for a family of four. The keeping of quail on a small scale is fairly simple. Quails like to stay on the floor, hardly ever jump up onto higher places, which means that if you’ve had an aviary already in place with other birds in it, you could just place some quail in there and they would be happy to pick up every edible particle from the floor that the other birds may drop. If kept outside, you would have to provide a draught free zone (shelter) for the quail where they can hide from the bad weather. In outside conditions the quail will stop laying eggs during the colder winter period but if kept inside under good conditions like enough space, food, temperature above 16ºC (61º F) and enough light, the quail would normally lay around 280 – 290 eggs a year. If you want to keep quails for their eggs, the best practice is to have a 3 to 1 hen to rooster rate, that’s when quail will lay the most eggs and it’s also an optimal rate if you want to breed them. The domesticated quail doesn’t make a nest and will not become a sitting hen so you would have to incubate the eggs for hatching. The Quail will start laying eggs at around 10-12 weeks of its age and will lay eggs actively for about 14-15 months if kept under optimal conditions. Apart from human consumption game bird keepers often feed their birds with boiled quail eggs and get brilliant results because of the high vitamin and nutrition volume.
Unaweza kutunza kuku wa kienyeji na ukawa na kipato cha uhakika, pamoja na lishe nzuri kwa ajili ya familia.
Ulishaji: Kuku wa kienyeji wanaweza kulishwa kwa kumia mahindi, mchele, na mabaki ya ugali. Vyakula hivi ni lazima vikaushwe vizuri na kusagwa vizuri. Ulishaji ni lazima ufanyike katika sehemu safi au kwa kutumia vyombo vilivyotengenezwa maalumu kwa ajilii ya kulishia kuku.
Ulishaji: Kuku wa kienyeji wanaweza kulishwa kwa kumia mahindi, mchele, na mabaki ya ugali. Vyakula hivi ni lazima vikaushwe vizuri na kusagwa vizuri. Ulishaji ni lazima ufanyike katika sehemu safi au kwa kutumia vyombo vilivyotengenezwa maalumu kwa ajilii ya kulishia kuku.
Banda: Kuku wawe wa
kienyeji au wa kisasa, wanahitaji kuwa na banda zuri kwa ajili ya
malazi na kuwalinda. Wanahitaji chumba chenye nafasi ya kutosha na
kinachopitisha hewa ya kutosha. Ni lazima kuwawekea fito kwa kuwa ndege
hupenda kupumzika juu ya fito. Ni lazima banda la kuku lifungwe vizuri
nyakati za usiku ili kuzuia wanyama wanaoweza kuwadhuru kuku. Ni lazima
liwe safi wakati wote ili kuzuia magonjwa kama vile mdondo na mengineyo.
Usitumie pumba za mbao au nguo kuukuu kwenye viota vya kutagia kwani
huchochea kuwepo utitiri na funza wa kuku. Inashauriwa kutumia mchanga
laini.
Maji ya kunywa: Kuku wapatiwe maji safi. Ni lazima kuangalia mara kwa mara na kuyabadilisha maji. Kamwe usiwape kuku maji machafu.
Chanjo: Chanjo kwa mifugo ni lazima ili kuzuia mashambulizi ya magonjwa. Magonjwa yaliyozoeleka ni kama vile Mdondo, Kideri, Ndui ya kuku, na homa ya matumbo (typhoid). Chanjo kwa kawaida hutolewa mara moja kwa kila baada ya miezi miwili.
Uwekaji wa kumbukumbu: Kumbukumbu zijumuishe aina ya ulishaji, namba ya uzalishaji, muda wa mwisho wa matumizi, kiasi cha malisho kwa kila siku, idadi ya vifo, na idadi ya mayai yaliyozalishwa.
Mwanzoni unahitaji nini?
Wafugaji walio wengi wanauliza
wanahitaji nini katika hatua za awali ili kuweza kuanzisha mradi wa
ufugaji wa kuku. Hii itategemea aina ya kuku uliochagua kufuga.
Ni busara kuwa na vifaa muhimu
vinavyohitajika na viwe katika hali ya usafi kabla ya kuweka kuku
bandani mwako. Kama unaanza na vifaranga, vifuatavyo ni vifaa muhimu
vinavyohitajika kwa ajili ya vifaranga 200.
• Tenga na utengeneze banda zuri lenye joto na hewa ya kutosha wakati wote.
• Vyombo vinne (4) vya kunyweshea maji, hii ni katika wiki 2 za mwanzo na uongeze vyombo taratibu kulingana na kuku wanavyokua.
• Vyombo vinne (4) vya kulishia chakula, na viongezeke kulingana na kuku wanavyokua.
• Matandazo makavu na safi, inaweza kuwa maranda au mabua ya ngano.
• Pakiti moja au mbili za dawa ya Coccid
(hii inapatikana katika maduka yote ya kilimo). Hata hivyo, utaratibu
wa chanjo ni lazima ukamilishwe.
• Chakula kwa ajili ya vifaranga ambacho kimezalishwa na watengenezaji wanaoaminika.
Ufugaji wa kuku unaweza kuongeza kipato cha familia
“Mimi
ni mfugaji mdogo wa kuku wa kienyeji katika viunga vya jiji la Dar es
Salaam. Nina kuku 65 ambao ninawafuga katika eneo dogo nyumbani.
Nilivutiwa kuanza ufugaji wa kuku wa kienyeji baada ya kutumia fedha
nyingi kununua mayai ya kuku wa kienyeji kwa ajili ya matumizi ya
nyumbani.
Nilikua natumia zaidi ya shilingi elfu
thelathini (30000) kila mwezi kwa ajili ya kununua mayai ya kuku. Ndivyo
anavyoanza kusimulia mafanikio yake Bi. Haika Mcharo, ambae ni mfugaji.
Msukumo huu ndio ulinifanya niwe na wazo
la kufuga kuku wa kienyeji. Nilianza na kuku 12 na sasa ninao kuku 65
wanaotaga na wanaotarajia kutaga. Sipati faida kubwa sana ila kwa sasa
sinunui tena mayai bali ninauza mayai. Faida nyingine ni upatikanaji wa
mbolea unaotokana na kinyesi cha kuku. Ninatumia kwa kulimia bustani ya
maua na mboga mboga, pia majirani wenye uhitaji wanakuja kwangu kubeba.
Kwangu, kufuga kuku wa kienyeji kuna umuhimu sana kwani najiongezea
kipato, ni kama akiba ambapo faida yake huzaana tu kama riba ya benki.
Malengo
yangu ni kuwa na kuku wengi ambao watagharamia karo ya watoto wangu,
malipo ya hospitali na gharama nyingine za nyumbani. Sihangaiki sana
katika kupata chakula cha kuku ninaowafuga kwani mbali na mchanganyiko
wa chakula ninaowanunulia kwa jina maarufu layers mash pia huwapa mabaki
ya chakula, majani, mabaki kutoka jikoni na, vyakula vya kujitafutia
muda wa jioni napowafungulia. Mfumo huu wa kufuga kuku kwa njia ya
kienyeji unatumia viungo vinavyopatikana kwa urahisi. Huwa ninazingatia
tiba mara ninapoona kuku wangu wanadhoofika. Nina daktari maalumu wa
mifugo ambaye hunipa ushauri wa tiba ipi niitumie na kwa wakati gani.
Pia ninazingatia chanjo zote ili kuwalinda na magonjwa.
Hakuna changamoto kubwa
ninayokumbana nayo bali hali ya kuwatunza na kuwalisha inahitaji umakini
mkubwa ili wakue na kupata kile ninachokitarajia. Ufugaji wa kuku wa
kienyeji ni rahisi na hauhitaji gharama kubwa kwani waweza ukafuga kama
kikundi au mtu mmoja mmoja. Nimefanikiwa kuwashawishi akina mama 5 ambao
kwa sasa wameanza ufugaji wa kuku wa kienyeji. Lengo ni kuwa na kikundi
ambacho tunaweza kupata soko la kuuza mayai kwa uhakika na upatikanaji
wake uwe wa uhakika.
Mr Benjamin went above and beyond their requirements to assist me with my loan which I used to expand my pharmacy business,They were friendly, professional, and absolute gems to work with.I will recommend anyone looking for loan to contact. 247officedept@gmail.com.WhatsApp ... + 19893943740.
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